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The constant in () can be determined by normalizing
the probability distribution i.e. requiring that
Let us define the canonical partition function
(
We find that the probability
that a state is in a given
microstate
|
(17) |
Eq. () is the canonical distribution. If
is the value of some physical property in microstate
and
the energy of this state then the canonical
ensemble average is given by
|
(18) |
Equation () is a very useful formula, and we will give many
examples of its use.
Birger Bergersen
1998-09-14